Improvement in dynamic-machines



L. c. EnnANl @L R. ANDERS.

Dynamic Machines.

No`40,021'. Patemedmnewnavs,

AM. PHUro-L/THOGHAPHM Ca Numan/m pnacess) UNITED STATEs `PATENT LoUIs cHARLEs ERRANI AND RICHARD ANDERS, 0E LIEGE, BELGIUM.

IMPROVEMENT IN DYNAMIC-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 140,021, dated June 17, 1873; application iled August 1,1872.

" clear, and exact description of the same, rei'- erence being had to the accompanying drawing forming part of this specification, and in which- Figure 1 represents a partly sectional side elevation of our improved motor 5 Fig. 2, a side view of a valve and valve-gear pertaining to said motor; and Fig. 3, a partly sectional plan i of the motor.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

This invention relates to a new machine for utilizing the expansive property of hydrocarbon liquids, such liquids being for use in the machine introduced in a spray into the cylinder ofthe engine, and there mixed with atmospheric air, and brought in contact with an electric or other igniting spark, so that the expansion following the ignition will cause the piston of the cylinder to be moved in the desired manner, and motive power thus to be obtained.

\Ve desire it to be well understood that in this apparatus we propose to use Vliquids only and not gaseous iiuids, this not being a gasengine in which an explosion will take place, but an expansion engine in which the line particles of the liquid, after having been commingled with the air, are brought into condition it for producing the best results from the expansion consequent to ignition.

rlhe motor, so far as its general construction -is concerned, may be similar to that of an ordinary steam-engine--that is `to say, it is represented as including a cylinder having a reciprocating piston within it, a crank deriving its motion from the piston, a iiy-wheel on the main shaft, and valve-gear for operating a main valve connected with the engine-cylinder. Such engine may either be of single or double el'ect, but vis shown in the drawing as composed oi a single cylinder, the piston of which is actuated during only a portion of its stroke by the ignition ofthe mixture of sprayed hydrocarbon liquid and common air, and the motion continued or kept up during the remainder of the stroke by the impetus given to the iiy-wheel of the en gine.

A is the cylinder of the motor B, its piston; C, its connecting-rod; D, the crank 5 and E, the fly-wheel on the main shaft F, which is, furthermore, provided with a cam, G, for giving motion by means of a rod, H, and bellcrank I, or otherwise, to a main valve, J, which may either be a slide or puppet valve, and which shuts and opens, as required, the engine-cylinder to the outside atmosphere. K is a blower, made up of a rigid case, covered by a rubber or other elastic diaphragm, b, against which a compresser, L, actuated by a crank, c, on the en gine-shaft, operates to force air along a pipe, d, into an upright wind-chamber, e, of a spraying device, M, arranged in proximity to the outer end of the cylinder A. Within the wind-chamber c is la duct or tube,f, extendingdownward to nearly the bottom of said chamber, and below the level ol" the operating liquid in a tank, N, with which the chamber e connects at its bottom, a valve, g, opening upward being within the chamber e immediately below the 'tube f. The upper end ol' said tube is bent to form a nozzle, arranged opposite` to an aperture, h, in the outer end of the cylinder, and said nozzle surrounded by another nozzle from the windchamber e. O is a lling device of the tank N, said device consisting of a cock, by which the pressure on the duidin the tank may be regulated, and its freedom of supply to the wind-chamber e of the spraying device be controlled, as required. The piston Bis fitted with suction-valves 'i fi, and the cylinder A provided at a suitable distance from its outer end with an electric igniter, P, worked by connection with any suitable battery.

In the operation of the motor, supposing the piston B to be started inwardthat is in direction of the arrow -by motion given to the fly-wheel, said piston will cause the compresser L of the blower K to force air into the wind-chamber e, and such air be made to act partly upon the liquid in the bottom of said chamber to expel it up through the tube j', and partly to escape through the outer nozzle of the spraying device, along with the liquid passing out ot' the inner nozzle into and through the aperture h of the cylinder A, where the liquid drawn from the tank is injected in the form of spray mixed with atmospheric air, so that as soon as the piston B passes the igniter P said mixture is ignited and a propelling force communicated by the consequent expansion to the piston, which carries it, the piston, to the end of its forward stroke or thercabouts, and by the impetus imparted to the y-wheel, returns the piston again to its normal position, and repeats the operation as before, the valve J opening in due course to allow of the escape of residuum land dead air, while the suction-valves i i supply air to the outer end of the cylinder when the piston is movin gforward up to the igniter.

The quantity of liquid injected is regulated by the iilling-cock O. When this cock is entirely open the motor will stop, the whole of the air forced in by the blower then finding a free vent through said cock. lf, on the contrary, the cock 0 be fully closed, then the supply of operating liquid will be increased. After each injection the level of the fluid in the wind-chamber e will fall, but the valve g, yielding to the pressure produced by the difference of level of the fluid in said chamber and the tank, the equilibrium is speedily restored. R is a vessel mounted on the tank N and having a dip-tube, K, extending down within the liquid in the tank, for insuring the proper opening of the valve g, to maintain an equilibrium when the cock O is closed.,

piston in said direction. Moreover, the disturbance of the equilibrium, caused by the injection and spray immediately preceding such opening of the cock, will also, for the reasons hereinbefore stated, cause the valve g to be open atthe time of the air injection. The vessel R is open to the atmosphere, and serves, thereby, to admit atmospheric pressure to the liquid in the tank N. Without such pressure the valve g would not at all open when the cock O is closed, and the equilibrium would not' be sustained; the diameter of the dip-tube, however, being so small that the evaporation consequent to such connection with the atmosphere will be reduced to a minimum.

l. The combination, with the cylinder A and piston B, of the spraying device M, for producing motive power by or from any suitable hydrocarbon liquid, sprayed within the cylinder, and mixed with air, and subsequently ignited within the cylinder.

2. The combination of the electric igniter.

P, with the spraying device M, the piston B, and cylinder A of the motor, substant ally as specified.

3. The blower K, in combination with the spraying device M, the tank N, the piston B, and the cylinder A, essentially as described.'

4. The tank N, in combination with the wind-chamber c, and fluid-tube j, ofthe spraying device M, the piston B, the cylinder A, and the blower K, substantially as specified.

L. ERRANI. R. ANDERS. Witnesses:

LoUIs I. CHRENS, G. V. Soma. 

